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This is a page to be proofread from Salmon's Botanologia, 1710.


pretty Red Colour, and are of divers shapes, and grow divers ways : ( which is the reason that Clusius, and some others, have judged them to be several Plants, giving the Flowers here exprefi for a differing kind.) For some of these Flowers, even the greatest part of them grow with five Red, round pointed Leaves, which never lye fair open, but only fiand straight out, the middlepart being filled with a hairy matter, andyellowish Threads : Some of these Flowers confifi of Seven, Eight, Nine] or more Leaves, and some again lye wholly open, with Green Leaves, growing close under the Cup of the Flower 1 and some few now and then may be found composed of a great many little Leaves, thick thrufi together, making a very double Flower : after the Flowers are fallen come such hairy Heads, as you see in the Figure, and in other Plants of this Kind, among which lies the Seed.

cures simple Wounds by the first intention: It cleanses running Sores; old fcetid Ulcers ·, and stubborn and rebellious Fistula's ·, wafhing them first with the Juice, or Essence, and then applying of this Balsam : it cleanies, incarnates, or breeds Flesh, and brings to a speedy healing.

XX. The Cataplasm. It discusses Inflamations in their beginning ·, is good against Contufions, or Bruises, eases pains or Aches in any part, and is singular good in a cold Gout. I have applied it with great success in vehement Head-achs, proceeding from taking cold, or any recent Cause.

XXI. The Mixture. Take Juice of the Roots iv. ounces, fine Verdigreefe ij. drams; mix them. It takes off the Callus in hollow Ulcers, and Fistula's, where it must be injected with a Syringe. But if the Callofity is in an open Ulcer, the Mixture may be thus made : Take of the foregoing Ointment ij. ounces : Pouder of Tobacco ij. drams : Verdigreefe j. dram: mix them. Or thus: Take of the former Balsam ij. ounces : Pouder of round Birthwort Roots ij. drams: fine Verdigreefe j. dram: mix them. Any of these mixtures take off a Callus from any Ulcer or Fistula, cleanses the same, and induces it to a speedy healing -, and this it will do, if the affect is in the Joints. #

Chap. XLII. Of Wild or Mountain Avens.

I. /τΛ Η ε Names. They are called in Latin, Ca-

X ryophyllata agrefiis, Caryophyllata montana ; and in English, Wild or Mountain Avens. The Epithet Wild is put to these, to diftinguifh them from the former, which are never called Wild ·, for tho' they grow Wild in Fields and Woods, yet it is always near home, and befides, they are many times Nursed up in Gardens, which these are never, except as meer Rarities.

II. The Kinds. There are several Kinds of Mountain Avens, but those growing in our Country chief ly, are, 1. Caryophyllata montana purpurea, as Gerard calls it: Or Montana palufiris purpurea, as Parkinson : also Aquatica nutante flore, and Aquatica flore rubro firiato, by the Bauhins ; Purple Mountain Avens, or Water Avens. 2. Caryophyllata flore amplo purpureo, Avens with a large double flower. 3. Caryophyllata Cbamadryos folio, as Morifon calls it: Chamadris fpuria montana Cifti-flore, as Parkinson .- Alpina Liftiflore, and Alpina flore fragraridt albo, as the Bauhins : Teucrum Al-pinum Ciftiflore, as Gerard >, Mountain Avens with Germander Leaves. 4. Caryophyllata PentaphylUa, as Bauhin and Parkinson: Alpina PentaphylUa, as Gerard: and Alpina quinquefolia, as Cafpar Bauhin-, Cinque foil Avens. To which add, $. Caryophyllata Montana Virginienfis, Virginia Mountain Avens. 6. Caryophyllata montana flore magno luteo, Mountain Avens with a great yellow flower.

III. Descriptions. 1. Purple, or Water Mountain Avens. It has a Root about a Fingers thickness, with many Strings or Fibres thereat, from whence rises up many long and hairy Leaves, composed of divers little Leaves, with larger at the top, and these fnipt or dented about the edges, like as the Common Avens: among these Leaves rise up several Stalks, a Foot or more in height, on which grow Flowers, whose Heads hang down : the tops of the Stalks, and Cups °f the Flowers, are commonly of a purplish Yellow, but the Flowers scarcely appear above the Husks that contain them : These Flowers themselves are of a

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IV. 2. Avens with a large double purple Flowed Tho" some make this to be a differentKindfrom the last, yet doubt less it is not, but is one of the fportings of Nature, wherein fie alls varioufly in one and the same Plant ·, and therefore the Description of the" last may fully ferve for this, there being in truth no variation but in the Flower, as we have in the former, above, already declared.

V. 3. Mountain Avens with Germander Leaves. It has a long, thick, hard, woody Root, with many Sprigs or Strings growing from it, and fpre deling under ground, of a brown blackish colour from whence spring up several hard, woody Stalks, eight or nine Inches long, fpread upon the Earth, of a brown, reddish colour, which have Leaves growing upon them without any order, like to Germander Leaves, but lesser, harder, more wrinkled^ and faw-1 like indented on the edges, of a White Hony colour below or underneath, and of a blackish Green colour above, having an astringent Taste. The Flowers are White, and each Flower ft ands upon a slender hairy Foot-stalk, about three or four Inches long, twice as big as a Strawberry Flower, and consisting of six Leaves apiece, or more, in the middle of which is a Thrummy Head, of a small hairy substance, which being fallen, there succeeds little Dow*


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